false-negative a negative test result for a person who actually has the condition similarly, a person who has the disease (perhaps mild or variant) but who does not fit the case definition, or a patient or outbreak not detected by a surveillance system. Search. attack rate, secondary a measure of the frequency of new cases of a disease among the contacts of known patients. representative sample see sample, representative. One of the many measures is the closure of schools which concomitantly implied that other innovative strategies to the delivery of subject matter to students while they remain at home be employed in order to . outbreak, common-source an outbreak that results from persons being exposed to the same harmful influence (e.g., an infectious agent or toxin). Outbreak A sudden increase of a specific illness in a small area. rates of prevalence. Q. For example, the 5th percentile is a cut point with 5% of the observations below it and the remaining 95% above it. x-axis the horizontal axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the independent variable (e.g., time). zoonosis an infectious disease that is transmissible from animals to humans. percentile a set of cut points used to divide a distribution or a set of ranked data into 100 parts of equal area with each interval between the points containing 1/100 or 1% of the observations. mean, geometric the mean, or average, of a set of data measured on a logarithmic scale. Etiology Toxoplasmosis Caused by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite Horizontal transmission: Exposure to contaminated cat feces Eating infected raw meat Vertical transmission: Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. Such a calculation is difficult because not all new infections are reported, and it is often difficult to know how many susceptibles were exposed. histogram a visual representation of the frequency distribution of a continuous variable. In calculating neonatal mortality rates, the numerator is the number of deaths among this age group during a given period, and the denominator is the number of live births reported during the same period. secondary attack rate see attack rate, secondary. Data from these systems are used to learn about health status, health care, provision and use of services, and the impact of services and programs on health. years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. study, retrospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled after the health outcome of interest has occurred. Synonym: Retina Degeneration. Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance virus germ disease epidemic attack contagion contagious disease contagium plague illness carrier a person or animal that harbors the infectious agent for a disease and can transmit it to others, but does not demonstrate signs of the disease. The line graph shows there were 37,800 new HIV infections in 2015, 37,900 in 2016, 36,700 in 2017, 36,200 in 2018, and 34,800 in 2019. Rate: An expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. Rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease, Mathematical modelling of infectious disease, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Force_of_infection&oldid=1142548282, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 01:24. The rate of occurrence of new cases of a disease. The research was done in environmental disaster areas (Aral District, Kazaly District) and . synonyms for infection Compare Synonyms bug disease epidemic flu pollution virus contagion corruption defilement germs impurity poison communicability contagiousness insanitation septicity what's going around See also synonyms for: infections antonyms for infection MOST RELEVANT sanitation sterility In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted population the total number of inhabitants of a geographic area or the total number of persons in a particular group (e.g., the number of persons engaged in a certain occupation). 2023 Reverso-Softissimo. The findings come as the efficacy of. transmission, indirect transfer of an agent from a reservoir to a host either by being suspended in air particles (airborne), carried by an inanimate objects (vehicleborne), or carried by an animate intermediary (vectorborne). prevalence rate the proportion of a population that has a particular disease, injury, other health condition, or attribute at a specified point in time (point prevalence) or during a specified period (period prevalence). CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. prevalence, period the amount of a particular disease, chronic condition, or type of injury present among a population at any time during a particular period. Incidence rate is calculated as the number of new cases over a specified period divided either by the average population (usually mid-period) or by the cumulative person-time the population was at risk. He says that he isn't sure whether we'll be allowed to finish, but at that rate we might as well not start. Synonym: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Recurrent. Surgical site infection rate in India has varies from 2.5% to 41.9%. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, Third Edition, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. infestation taint, transmission contamination infection, transmission infection taint infectivity transmission poisoning transmission exposure transmission taint contagion infection, taint invasion infection Filters {\displaystyle \lambda } study, experimental a study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each person (clinical trial) or community (community trial) then follows the persons or communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. observational study see study, observational. An example of a rate is: 1 HAI per 10,000 patient days in Hospital X in 2009. Nglish: Translation of infection for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of infection for Arabic Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about infection. Of the multiple ways to define central tendency, the most common are the mean, median, and mode. control in a case-control study, a member of the group of persons without the health problem under study (see also comparison group and study, case-control). It can cause chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Q. I was wondering the rate at which alcohol induces brain damage. Don't be surprised if none of them want the spotl One goose, two geese. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to the rest of the world? The speed of administration of a solution in mL/hr. measure of association a quantified relationship between exposure and a particular health problem (e.g., risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio). variance a measure of the spread in a set of observations, calculated as the sum of the squares of deviations from the mean, divided by the number of observations minus 1 (see also standard deviation). agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. Based on this situation, temporary measures such as immigration inspections have been implemented since December 30, 2022 to avoid a sharp increase in the inflow of COVID-19 into Japan, and flexible responses will be taken while monitoring the infection situation in China. These proportions are not mortality rates because, in proportionate mortality, the denominator is all deaths instead of the population among whom the deaths occurred. (-0001). The key differences between two common pathogens. There are more than 100 varieties of human papillomavirus (HPV). For the majority of data, the midrange is calculated by adding the smallest observation and the largest observation and dividing by two. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. continuous variable see variable, continuous. There have been at least 556,201,000 reported infections and 6,776,000 reported deaths caused by the new coronavirus . A Found 2 synonyms 1. infection rate 2. I am not an alcoholic and I use to drink only on weekends. It is a major global health problem. Rates Of Infection synonyms - 8 Words and Phrases for Rates Of Infection. mortality rate, age-specific a mortality rate limited to a particular age group, calculated as the number of deaths among the age group divided by the number of persons in that age group, usually expressed per 100,000. mortality rate, cause-specific the mortality rate from a specified cause, calculated as the number of deaths attributed to a specific cause during a specified time interval among a population divided by the size of the midinterval population. study, observational a study in which the investigator observes rather than influences exposure and disease among participants. table an arrangement of data in rows and columns. cumulative frequency in a frequency distribution, the number or proportion of observations with a particular value and any smaller value. case an instance of a particular disease, injury, or other health conditions that meets selected criteria (see also case definition). sample a selected subset of a population a sample can be random or nonrandom and representative or nonrepresentative. Two common types are cohort studies and case-control studies. It's flattering to know other clubs seem to rate me. is the average age of infection. trial, community an experimental study that uses data from communities. Quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons; isolation refers to separation of ill persons. inflection, injection, infectious, infect. The graphic states that new HIV infections fell 8% from 2015 to 2019, after a period of general stability. tion rate This thesaurus page is about all possible synonyms, equivalent, same meaning and similar words for the term infection rate. hypothesis a supposition, arrived at from observation or reflection, that leads to refutable predictions; any conjecture cast in a form that will allow it to be tested and refuted. {\displaystyle A} vector a living intermediary that carries an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (see also transmission, biologic and transmission, mechanical) (e.g., mosquitoes, fleas, or ticks). (since rate is 1/time). The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? crude mortality rate see mortality rate, crude. prevalence rates. an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses), Post more words for infection to Facebook, Share more words for infection on Twitter. APA: Classic Thesaurus. rates of hiv aids. Seizure. proportion, attributable a measure of the impact of a causative factor on the public health; the proportion of a health state or event among exposed persons that can be attributed to the exposure also called attributable risk percent. normal distribution a distribution represented as a bell shape, symmetrical on both sides of the peak, which is simultaneously the mean, median, and mode, and with both tails extending to infinity. Synonyms for Rates of infection.Retrieved July 10, 2021, from https://www.classicthesaurus.com/rates_of_infection/synonyms The rate of occurrence of positive test results in those who do not have the attribute or disease for which they are being tested. death-to-case ratio the number of deaths attributed to a particular disease, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, divided by the number of new cases of that disease, injury, or condition identified during the same period. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Synonyms for 'Rate of infection'. trend, secular changes occurring over a substantial period, generally years or decades. person-time rate the incidence rate calculated as the number of new cases among a population divided by the cumulative person-time of that population, usually expressed as the number of events per persons per unit of time. Organizationally, NCHS is a component of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, one of the agencies of the US Department of Health and Human Services. HIPAA the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, enacted in 1996, which addresses the privacy of a persons medical information as well as postemployment insurance and other health-related concerns. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. transmission, mechanical indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent does not undergo physiologic changes inside the vector (see also transmission, biologic). semilogarithmic-scale line graph see line graph, semilogarithmic-scale. From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: The speed or frequency of occurrence of an event, usually expressed with respect to time or some other known standard. Alexander COVID News-Dr. Paul Elias Alexander's Newsletter DEVASTATING Australian NSW data showing the quadrupled COVID mRNA vaccinated (4 shots) have massive spikes in hospitalization & death! 2. . trial, randomized clinical a clinical trial in which persons are randomly assigned to exposure or treatment groups. confidence interval a range of values for a measure (e.g., rate or odds ratio) constructed so that the range has a specified probability (often, but not necessarily, 95%) of including the true value of the measure. census the enumeration of an entire population, usually including details on residence, age, sex, occupation, racial/ethnic group, marital status, birth history, and relationship to the head of household. heart rate or heart rhythm problems, chest pain or discomfort, pain or tingling in the hands or feet, and fatigue. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. sporadic an event that occurs infrequently and irregularly. (pun intended). This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. healthy worker effect the observation that employed persons generally have lower mortality rates than the general population, because persons with severe, disabling disease (who have higher mortality rates) tend to be excluded from the workforce. mode the most frequently occurring value in a set of observations (see also measure of central location). He doesn't rate very highly as a dramatist in my estimation. According to the 2018 Healthy Youth Survey, nearly 25% of eighth-graders, 31% of 10th-graders and 31% of 12th-graders reported seeing someone around their age pressure someone else to kiss, touch. measure of dispersion see measure of spread. The most common symptoms were respiratory congestion, muscle aches (myalgia), and loss of smell or taste. The rate of utilization of energy. The distinction between the two is clear (now). epidemiology, field applied epidemiology (i.e., the application or practice of epidemiology to control and prevent health problems), particularly when the epidemiologist(s) must travel to and work in the community in which the health problem is occurring or has occurred. midrange the halfway point, or midpoint, in a set of observations. variable (or data), discrete a variable that is limited to a finite number of values; data for such a variable. The null hypothesis is used in conjunction with statistical testing. class limits the values at the upper and lower ends of a class interval. dot plot a visual display of the specific data points of a variable. See respiratory tract infection . false-positive a positive test result for a person who actually does not have the condition. bar chart, deviation a bar chart displaying either positive or negative differences from a baseline. logarithmic transformation conversion of nominal or ordinal data to logarithmic data. outbreak, point-source a common source outbreak in which the exposure period is relatively brief so that all cases occur within one incubation period. A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center The mobile infection rate was 0.65% during the first half of Mobile infection rate jumps in H1 2014 In radiology, the speed with which medical images are recorded, usually expressed in images per second. You want to reject this entry: please give us your comments (bad translation/definition, duplicate entries), English Portuguese translation in context, Free: Learn English, French and other languages, Reverso Documents: translate your documents online, Learn English watching your favourite videos. It is updated regularly. Die Behrden in Hongkong hatten die Maskenpflicht whrend der Pandemie strikt durchgesetzt. https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infection+rate. But some types of genital HPV can cause cancer of the . prospective study see study, prospective. standard deviation a statistical summary of how dispersed the values of a variable are around its mean, calculated as the square root of the variance. iSYNONYM. the relative values of the currencies of two or more countries. isolation the separation of infected persons to prevent transmission to susceptible ones. host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent.
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